Environmental and natural phenomena play a greatly significant role in laying the region's interrelated cultural, economic and social infrastructures. This is specially true with provinces in desert regions of Iran such as Yazd, and Sistan and Baluchistan (all being arid and desert territories).

Yazd province lies in the heart of the country's sun-drenched central desert scorched by one of the world's most arid territories. It is fringed on the north by Nain city in Isfahan Province and is cut on the northeastern side by Tabas in Khorasan province. Sitting astride the imaginary line that separates it from Fars province, is Abadeh in eastern side. It nestles against Zarand town in Kerman and again Tabas in Khorasan, and in the west it nudges the city of Isfahan in Isfahan province. Covering an area of 76,156 square Kilometers, Yazd province ranks sixth among the country’s largest provinces.

Average annual rainfall, which usually comes down as sporadic, drizzles from mid-winter till early spring is about 59 mms on the plains and 112-47 mm in mountainous areas. For an extensively arid area as Yazd, this little rainfall has afflicted the region with austere water resources.

This broad unbroken expanse of dry land is seemingly humblest geographically, but this location in suppressive hot central Iran has kept Yazd remote from and unaffected by crises, confrontations and cultural incursions, which have left their indelible marks on other parts of the country.

Scarcely ever is the scorched feverish earth fascinating, but there is a haunting majesty in Yazd's bare but most imposing mountains. To break the monotonous flatness of the desert plain in a northwest-southeast direction, raise two mighty mountain ranges, one of which is the continuation of Iran's central mountain range crisscrossing through the heart of the country.

The other is a chain of scattered mountain spires straggling through Yazd province, Shirkouh, Kharanoq, Heresht, Miraji, Saqand, Herat, Jowestan, Nodoushan, and Marvast mountains.

Stretching in a northwest-southeast span, about 20 km from Yazd city, is Shirkouh mountain, the most popular and protuberant among the provincial heights. This mount, located southwest of the province, separates the central parts from the Abarkooh. Not to be overlooked are the Lounge and Salidi peaks which rise 2525 m and 3320 m above the plain respectively and dominate the desert skyline.