Effects of Climate on the Form and Elevation of Buildings in Iran
Nazanin Salimi


Effects of climate on elevation of the building facade in mild and humid areas
Direction of the building must be in the way of wind blowing, it is – because of the importance of creating draught in mild and humid areas to use the most of wind stream in creating draught.
In these areas, the windows with big sizes are not so important, it is because by having small windows, (if located in a good place), we can use the most of sun energy and the wind(to create draught). But in places where it is not possible to create draught, large windows are useful to cool the air inside of the houses especial in the evening.

Choosing building’s materials suitable for mild and humid climate
In mild and humid areas, the west elevation of building must be constructed with the heavy-materials with high thermal capacity to prevent the heat resulting from san radiation into the house in the evening, whereas the other part must be constructed with materials with high thermal strength.

Effects of the climate on building forms in mild and damp climate
Although the temperature of mild areas is in a limit that makes it possible for the building plan to be flexible, the expansion of the plan along the east and west axle is necessary in these areas.
In this climate, the intensity of the sun light on the walls in different elevations, even west and east walls is less than the other areas. As a result, in these areas, we can use natural forms. But the forms of the building have to be definitely expanded along with the east and west axle. Extending the building form along the east-west axle, creates the draught inside the buildings and also decreases the internal humidity.
If the building is located in the complete shade, its plan can be completely open and free.

Characteristic of native architecture in the cold and mountainous area
Although the cold and it’s durability is different in cold areas, but generally the principles that have been executed to prevent of wasting of the heat in the building are alike and similar to the principles that are being noticed in architecture of dry and hot areas. In cold areas, the source of the heat is located inside the building and it has been tried to warm up the building by natural sources, large stoves or the heat resulting from human bodies, cooking or pets.